Indus Valley Civilization

The Indus Valley Civilization was an ancient civilization located in what is Pakistan and northwest India today, on the fertile flood plain of the Indus River and its vicinity. It was a Bronze Age Civilization in the northwestern regions of South Asia.

Indus valley civilization

• It is also called Harappa civilization.
• Period- 2500-1750 BC(by carbon dating).
• First discover site- Harappa.
• John Marshall was the first person who used the term ‘Indus valley Civilization’.
• Indus civilization was primarily urban kind of civilization.
• Mohenjodaro is the largest site of Indus valley civilization.
• Dholavira is the largest site of Indus civilization located in Indian territory.
• Iron was not known to the people of Indus valley.

Major cities–

Site	Year	Location	River	Excavated by
Harappa	1921	Punjab	Ravi	Dayaram sahani
Mohenjodaro	1922	Sind	Indus	R D Banerjee
Sutkagendor	1929	Baluchistan	Dast	Stein
Chanhudaro	1931	Sind	Indus	N G Majumdar
Kalibangan	1953	Rajasthan	Ghaggar	Amlanand Ghose
Lothal	1953	Gujarat	Bhogva	R Rao
Surkotada	1964	Gujarat	–	J P Joshi
Banawali	1974	Haryana	–	R S Bisht
Dholavira	1985	Gujarat		R S Bisht

Harappa–

• Sandstone statues of human anatomy.
• Granaries
• Bullock carts

Mohenjodaro–

• Great bath
• Granary
• Bronze dancing girl
• Seal of Pasupati Mahadeva
• A pieace of woven cotton

Lothal

• First manmade port
• Dockyard
• Rice husk